This lesson focuses on the diachronic (over time) perspective when looking at social systems. Even if social systems are accessible to observation in terms of their system boundaries, their elements and the relationships between them, this does not usually apply to the “history” of the social system and the way in which this is told, i.e. constructed, by its members. The system therefore remains complex, especially when it comes to large social systems such as nations, social movements or organisations. Kurt Lewin had this connection in mind when he postulated that you can only understand a social system by starting to change it, because this is when the “story” or “stories” of the system begin to unfold their effect. Particularly in change processes with a transformative character – i.e. when the organisational culture is affected to a greater extent – conscious work on reshaping these narratives is of great importance. The video clip is therefore less about the facts presented (this is not a basic course in modern Indonesian history 😊) and more about the perception of the narrative threads.